A ring is a round band, usually of metal, worn as ornamental jewellery. The term "ring" by itself always denotes the finger ring, but when worn as an ornament elsewhere, the body part is always specified, e.g. earrings, neck rings, arm rings, and toe rings. Rings always fit snugly around or in the part of the body they ornament, so bands worn loosely, like a bracelet, are not rings. Rings may be made of almost any hard material: wood, bone, stone, metal, glass, gemstone or plastic. They may be set with gemstones (diamond, ruby, sapphire or emerald) or with other types of stone or glass. Although people wear some rings as mere ornaments, or as conspicuous displays of wealth, rings have symbolic functions in relation to marriage, exceptional achievement, high status or authority, membership in an organization, and the like. Rings can be made to sport insignia to be transferred in an impression in a wax seal, or outfitted with a small compartment in which to conceal things. In myth, fable, and fiction, rings are often endowed with spiritual or supernatural significance.

Rubin or Rubins is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include: Given name: Rubin Carter, nicknamed The Hurricane, boxer who was imprisoned and later absolved Rubin Goldmark Rubin Kantorovich Rubin Patiția Surname: Alan Rubin, American musician Andrejs Rubins (b. 1978), Latvian footballer Andy Rubin, Senior Vice President of Mobile at Google Arthur Rubin (b. 1956), American mathematician Avi Rubin, Expert on electronic voting security Barbara Rubin (1945–1980), American filmmaker and performance artist Benjamin Rubin (1917–2010), American microbiologist Chanda Rubin (b. 1976), American retired professional tennis player Charles T. Rubin, political science professor Danny Rubin (b. 1991), American-Israeli basketball player for Bnei Herzliya of the Israeli Basketball Premier League Daphne Rubin-Vega (b. 1969), American dance music singer and actress Dave Rubin (b. 1976), American comedian,.talk show host and television personality Donald Rubin, Professor of Statistics Eduard Rubin, Swiss Army, inventor of the first jacketed rifle bullets (1882) and co-inventor of the Schmidt–Rubin rifle Edgar John Rubin (1886–1951) Eric Rubin, the Irene Heinz Given Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Gayle Rubin (b. 1949), American cultural anthropologist Gerald M. Rubin, American geneticist Harold Rubin, South African and Israeli artist and jazz clarinettist Ian Rubin, Ukraine-born Australian rugby league footballer Idan Rubin, Israeli football (soccer) player Ira Rubin (c. 1930–2013), American bridge player Irv Rubin (1946–2002), Canadian-born Kahanist Isaak Illich Rubin (1886–1937), Soviet economist and Marxist theorist. James Rubin (b. 1960), U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, 1997–2000 James H. Rubin, art historian, New York City Jay Rubin Jennifer Rubin (actress), American film and television actress Jennifer Rubin (journalist), blogger at the Washington Post Jerry Rubin, American political activist Karl Rubin, American mathematician Lillian B. Rubin (1924-2014), American sociologist and writer Louis D. Rubin, Jr. (1923–2013), Southern literature scholar and publisher. Marcel Rubin, composer Michael Rubin, American scholar and commentator on Middle Eastern history and politics Miri Rubin, British medievalist Noah Rubin (b. 1996), American tennis player Reuven Rubin (1893–1974), Israeli painter Richard Rubin (TV personality), American TV personality Rick Rubin, American record producer and record label owner Ron Rubin (disambiguation) Robert Rubin (b. 1938), U.S. Treasury Secretary, 1995–1999 Samuel M. Rubin "Sam the Popcorn Man" (1918–2004), American entrepreneur credited with the mass introduction of popcorn machines to cinemas Shelley Rubin, chairman and CEO of the Jewish Defense League Theodore Isaac Rubin (b. 1923), American psychiatrist and author Tibor Rubin Uri Rubin, professor of Arabic and Islamic literature at Tel Aviv University Vera Rubin (1928–2016), American astronomer Yoram Rubin

Sapphire is a gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide (α-Al2O3). It is typically blue in color, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. The only color which sapphire cannot be is red – as red colored corundum is called ruby, another corundum variety. Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. This variety in color is due to trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, copper, or magnesium. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules. Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of very special-purpose solid-state electronics (especially integrated circuits and GaN-based LEDs). Sapphire is the birthstone for September and the gem of the 45th anniversary. A sapphire jubilee occurs after 65 years.

Scarabs were popular amulets and impression seals in Ancient Egypt. They survive in large numbers and, through their inscriptions and typology, they are an important source of information for archaeologists and historians of the ancient world. They also represent a significant body of ancient art. For reasons that are not clear (although no doubt connected to the religious significance of the Egyptian god Khepri), amulets in the form of scarab beetles had become enormously popular in Ancient Egypt by the early Middle Kingdom (approx. 2000 BCE) and remained popular for the rest of the pharaonic period and beyond. During that long period the function of scarabs repeatedly changed. Primarily amulets, they were also inscribed for use as personal or administrative seals or were incorporated into jewelry. Some scarabs were apparently created for political or diplomatic purposes to commemorate or advertise royal achievements. By the early New Kingdom, heart scarabs had become part of the battery of amulets protecting mummies. From the middle Bronze Age, other ancient peoples of the Mediterranean and the Middle East imported scarabs from Egypt and also produced scarabs in Egyptian or local styles, especially in the Levant.

Treasure (from Greek θησαυρός - thēsauros, meaning "treasure store", romanized as thesaurus) is a concentration of riches - often those that originate from ancient history - that is considered lost and/or forgotten until rediscovered. Some jurisdictions legally define what constitutes treasure, such as in the British Treasure Act 1996. The phrase "blood and treasure" or "lives and treasure" has been used to refer to the human and monetary costs associated with massive endeavours such as war that expend both.

A wedding ring or wedding band is a finger ring that indicates that its wearer is married. It is usually forged from metal, and traditionally is forged of gold or another precious metal. The earliest examples of wedding rings are from Ancient Egypt. Western customs for wedding rings can be traced to ancient Rome and Greece, and were transmitted to the present through Christendom in Europe, which adapted the ancient customs. Depending on culture, a wedding ring is typically worn on the base of the left or right ring finger. Many spouses wear their wedding rings day and night, causing an indentation in the skin that is visible even when the ring is removed. Another indication of their cultural importance is that wedding rings are among the few items that prison inmates and visitors are permitted to wear.