An electrical junction box is an enclosure housing electrical connections, to protect the connections and provide a safety barrier.

Construction

A small metal or plastic junction box may form part of an electrical conduit or thermoplastic-sheathed cable (TPS) wiring system in a building. If designed for surface mounting, it is used mostly in ceilings, under floors or concealed behind an access panel - particularly in domestic or commercial buildings. An appropriate type (such as that shown on the left) may be buried in the plaster of a wall (although full concealment is no longer allowed by modern codes and standards) or cast into concrete - with only the cover visible.

It sometimes includes built-in terminals for the joining of wires.

A similar, usually wall mounted, container used mainly to accommodate switches, sockets and the associated connecting wiring is called a pattress.

The term junction box may also be used for a larger item, such as a piece of street furniture. In the UK, such items are often called a cabinet. See Enclosure (electrical).

Junction boxes form an integral part of a circuit protection system where circuit integrity has to be provided, as for emergency lighting or emergency power lines, or the wiring between a nuclear reactor and a control room. In such an installation, the fireproofing around the incoming or outgoing cables must also be extended to cover the junction box to prevent short circuits inside the box during an accidental fire.

See also

• Cable
• Cable tray
• Centrex
• Circuit integrity
• Distribution board
• Electrical service
• Electrical wiring
• Grounding
• Insulation
• Passive fire protection