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Soccer-specific stadium
Soccer-specific stadium
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Something Original at English Wikipedia).
Soccer-specific stadium is a term used mainly in the United States and Canada,[1] to refer to a sports stadium either purpose-built or fundamentally redesigned for soccer and whose primary function is to host soccer matches, as opposed to a multipurpose stadium which is for a variety of sports. A soccer-specific stadium may host other sporting events (such as lacrosse, American football and rugby) and concerts, but the design and purpose of a soccer-specific stadium is primarily for soccer. Some facilities (for example Toyota Park, Toyota Stadium and Mapfre Stadium) have a permanent stage at one end of the stadium used for staging concerts.
A soccer-specific stadium typically has amenities, dimensions and scale suitable for soccer in North America, including a scoreboard, video screen, luxury suites and possibly a roof. The field dimensions are within the range found optimal by FIFA: 110–120 yards (100–110 m) long by 70–80 yards (64–73 m) wide.[2] These soccer field dimensions are wider than the regulation American football field width of 53 1⁄3 yards (48.8 m), or the 65-yard (59 m) width of a Canadian football field. The playing surface typically consists of grass as opposed to artificial turf, since the latter is generally disfavored for soccer matches since players are more susceptible to injuries.[3] However, some soccer specific stadiums, such as Portland's Providence Park and Creighton University's Morrison Stadium, do have artificial turf.
Lastly, the seating capacity is generally small enough to provide an intimate setting, between 18,000 and 30,000 for a Major League Soccer franchise,[4] or smaller for minor league soccer teams. This is in comparison to the much larger American football stadiums that mostly range between 60,000 and 80,000 in which the original North American Soccer League teams played at and most MLS teams participated in during the league's inception.[5] As opposed to gridiron-style football stadiums, where the front row of seats is elevated several feet above the field of play to allow spectators to see over the heads of substitute players and coaches on the sidelines, soccer-specific venues typically have the front row closer to the level of the pitch, providing a more intimate experience.[6]
Contents
History
In the 1980s and 1990s, Division I professional soccer leagues in the United States, such as the North American Soccer League and Major League Soccer, primarily used American football fields, many of which were oversized in terms of seating capacity, undersized in terms of width of the soccer field, and often used artificial turf (none of which, at the time, were approved for international soccer under FIFA rules).[citation needed] Although many of the baseball parks had smaller capacities, natural grass and a wider field in which to place the field, these parks were generally in-use during the summer season, when North American–based soccer leagues, such as Major League Soccer, also hold their seasons, and the irregular field dimensions and sightlines were often considered undesirable.
Soccer-specific stadiums first came into use in the 1990s, after the multi-purpose stadium era.[7][8]
The term "soccer-specific stadium" was coined by Lamar Hunt, who financed the construction of the Columbus Crew Stadium, the first soccer specific stadium used in Major League Soccer.[7] In the 2000s, other Major League Soccer teams in the United States began constructing their own stadiums. Canada's first soccer-specific stadium was BMO Field in Toronto, home to Toronto FC. This stadium was renovated to accommodate Canadian football for the 2016 and subsequent seasons.[9] The distinction is less prominent in Canada, where MLS's attendance figures are comparable to those of the domestic Canadian Football League, and the CFL's wider field means fewer compromises must be made to accommodate both; Tim Hortons Field was built purposely to both soccer specifications and CFL regulations. Of the three Canadian cities that host both MLS and CFL teams, only one (Montreal) has separate stadiums for each.
Major League Soccer (MLS)
Current MLS soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | City | Capacity | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avaya Stadium | San Jose Earthquakes | San Jose, California | 18,000 | 2015 |
| BBVA Compass Stadium | Houston Dynamo[n 1] | Houston, Texas | 22,039 | 2012 |
| Children's Mercy Park | Sporting Kansas City | Kansas City, Kansas | 18,467 | 2011 |
| Dick's Sporting Goods Park | Colorado Rapids | Commerce City, Colorado | 19,680 | 2007 |
| Mapfre Stadium | Columbus Crew SC | Columbus, Ohio | 20,145 | 1999 |
| Orlando City Stadium | Orlando City SC[n 2] | Orlando, Florida | 25,500 | 2017 |
| Providence Park | Portland Timbers | Portland, Oregon | 21,144 | 1926 |
| Red Bull Arena | New York Red Bulls | Harrison, New Jersey | 25,189 | 2010 |
| Rio Tinto Stadium | Real Salt Lake[n 3] | Sandy, Utah | 20,008 | 2008 |
| Saputo Stadium | Montreal Impact | Montreal, Quebec | 20,801 | 2008 |
| StubHub Center | LA Galaxy[n 4] | Carson, California | 27,000 | 2003 |
| Talen Energy Stadium | Philadelphia Union | Chester, Pennsylvania | 18,500 | 2010 |
| Toyota Park | Chicago Fire[n 5] | Bridgeview, Illinois | 20,000 | 2006 |
| Toyota Stadium | FC Dallas | Frisco, Texas | 20,500 | 2005 |
Future MLS soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | City | Capacity | Construction began |
Planned opening |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi Field | D.C. United | Washington, D.C. | 20,000 | 2017 | 2018 |
| Banc of California Stadium | Los Angeles FC | Los Angeles, California | 22,000 | 2016 | 2018 |
| Allianz Field | Minnesota United FC | Saint Paul, Minnesota | 21,500 | 2016 | 2019 |
Proposed MLS soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | Metro area | Proposed capacity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miami MLS stadium | Miami MLS team | Miami, Florida | 25,000 |
In 2011 Bob Lenarduzzi confirmed that the Vancouver Whitecaps are now committed to BC Place, and that plans for the waterfront stadium have been put on hold.[10]
North American Soccer League (NASL)
Current NASL soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | City | Capacity | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clarke Stadium | FC Edmonton | Edmonton, Alberta | 5,000 | 1938 |
| WakeMed Soccer Park | North Carolina FC | Cary, North Carolina | 10,000 | 2002 |
| Juan Ramón Loubriel Stadium | Puerto Rico FC | Bayamón, Puerto Rico | 22,000 | 1974 (2012 renovation) |
United Soccer League (USL)
Current USL soccer-specific stadiums
All USL teams will be required to play in self-owned, soccer-specific stadiums by the 2020 season. The following is a list of current USL stadiums that are soccer-specific stadiums:
Premier Development League (PDL)
Current PDL soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | Division | City | Capacity | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| City Park Stadium | Westchester Flames | PDL | New Rochelle, New York | 1,845 | 1970s |
| Lusitano Stadium | Western Mass Pioneers | PDL | Ludlow, Massachusetts | 3,000 | 1918 |
| Macpherson Stadium | Carolina Dynamo | PDL | Browns Summit, North Carolina | 1,600 | 2002 |
NCAA (Division I)
Other soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Team(s) | Division | City | Capacity | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta Silverbacks Park | Atlanta Silverbacks | NPSL | Atlanta, Georgia | 5,000 | 2006 |
| Fifth Third Bank Stadium | Kennesaw State Owls | NCAA | Kennesaw, Georgia | 8,300 | 2010 |
| King George V Park | National Stadium Memorial Sea-Hawks |
CONCACAF CIS |
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador | 10,000 | 1925 |
| Kiwanis Municipal Park Stadium | Williamsburg, Virginia | ||||
| Maryland SoccerPlex | Washington Spirit | NWSL | Germantown, Maryland[n 6] | 5,128 | 2000 |
| Metropolitan Oval | Queens, New York | 1,500 | 1925 (2001 renovation) | ||
| Orange Beach Sportsplex | Local teams | Local | Orange Beach, Alabama | 1,500 | 2001 |
| Starfire Sports | Seattle Sounders FC 2 Seattle Sounders Women |
USL W-League |
Tukwila, Washington | 4,500 | 2002 |
| Uihlein Soccer Park | MSOE Raiders | NCAA | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | 7,000 | 1994 |
| Virginia Beach Sportsplex | Virginia Beach, Virginia | 10,500 | 1999 | ||
| WRAL Soccer Center | CASL teams | CASL | Raleigh, North Carolina | 3,200 | 1990 |
Past soccer-specific stadiums
| Stadium | Club(s) | City | Capacity | Opened | Years used | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark's Stadium | Fall River F.C. | North Tiverton, Rhode Island | 15,000 | 1922 | ||
| BMO Field | Toronto FC | Toronto, Ontario | 30,991 | 2007 | 2007–present | Changed into a multi-purpose stadium in 2016 after becoming the home of the CFL's Toronto Argonauts. |
Other countries
The term "football-specific stadium" is sometimes used in countries where the sport is known as football rather than soccer,[citation needed] although the term is not common in countries where football is the dominant sport and thus football-specific stadiums are quite common. The term tends to have a slightly different meaning in these countries, usually referring to a stadium without an athletics track surrounding the field.[citation needed] Some soccer stadiums in Europe are also used for other sports, including Rugby, American Football, and Field Hockey. The problem with oversized stadiums designed for another sport is particularly visible in European American Football leagues and conflicts between teams sharing the stadium (a notable example are Eintracht Braunschweig and the Braunschweig Lions which share a stadium) and (often municipal) owners of the stadiums sometimes arise, leading to attempts at single sport-specific venues.
See also
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Soccer-specific stadium", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. There is a list of all authors in Wikipedia
